INTRODUCTION TO NEW MEDIA

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 CHAPTER 7: COMMUNICATION, NEW MEDIA & SOCIETY

  1. POSITIVE IMPACTS OF NEW MEDIA TO SOCIETY

  • Ability to learn new skills

  • Ability to communicate

  • Ability to do business digitally

  • Real time information

  • The decrease of print media

  1. NEW MEDIA AND POLITICS

  • Internet and voting 

    • Led to decrease in turnout

    • Grassroots anti establishment movements

    • Substantial deadline in political support for incumbent coalition and resulted in the fall of the ruling coalition

    • Help to expose actual government corruption

  • Social Media and xenophobia  

    • Facilitate coordination and collective action

    • Could change attitudes

    • Reduce social stigma of hate speech and hate crimes

  • Social media and false news

    • Shared by users who mistrusted the mainstream media

    • Significant share of all news consumption

    • Uncivil behavior, insults and harassment, primarily targeted at politicians

    • Twitter (get higher campaign contributions stronger for newcomers to politicians)

  • Digital censorship

    • Online content in China get censored

    • Invested in virtual private network to overcome censorship

  • Manipulation of information

    • Devoted to cheerleading state

    • Manipulation of information can also be used by foreign powers to interfere in democratic regimes

  • Monitoring and surveillance

    • China monitor popular discontent and interfere in case of poor performance

  1. NEW MEDIA AND ENTERTAINMENT

  • 18-34 y/o 64% enjoy live streaming (valued $70 B)

  • Over The Top platforms reach 383 M subscribers in 2021. 

  • Advantages of Live Streaming:

    • Live streaming has become extremely popular, but what was the motivation behind businesses setting them up?

    • Live streams are faster to broadcast, as you don't have to spend much time in pre-production

    • Live streams are cheaper, as you don't need video editors for your videos

    • Since videos can be live-streamed from mobile devices, they don't require expensive equipment to be set up, thus minimizing the required investment


  • Users prefer live streams over pre-recorded videos. Forbes states that Facebook live videos are watched three times more than pre-recorded

  1. NEW MEDIA AND COMMERCE (E-COMMERCE)

  • 8 ways that new media impacts your business:

    • Allow businesses to become omnipresent

    • Increases personalization

    • Generates more loyalty

    • Increases industry collaboration

    • Adds credibility

    • Increases referrals

    • Helps gauze audience feedback

  1. NEW MEDIA AND HEALTHCARE

  • Social support

  • The desire to be encouraged 

  • Education

  • Notification

  • Experiences 

  1. NEW MEDIA AND JOURNALISM 

  • Citizen journalism

    • Pro: allowed broadcast direct without going through reporter 

    • Con: content creators not necessarily reliable sources of information

  • Friending, following, commenting

    • Pro: allow to have voice in news through comments and posts

    • Con: tend to friend and follow who believe the same feelings

  • Sharing

    • Pro: sharing what makes social media so fun. Exposes to more content 

    • Con: don't tend to explore the factual accuracy 

  • Immediacy

    • Pro: enables to hear current events

    • Con: lead to stories being reported before know all the facts

  1. NEW MEDIA AND WORLD OF WORK

  • Profound effect on recruitment and hiring such as LinkedIn 


CHAPTER 8: GOVERNMENT POLICIES: NEW MEDIA & PRIVACY


COUNTRY

MALAYSIA

ICELAND 

CHINA

OBSTACLES TO ACCESS

  1. Infrastructural limitations

  2. Internet ridiculously expensive

  3. Control the fixed-line network

  4. Frequently failed operate in fair manner

  1. 98% households have internet connections

  2. Public wi-fi widely available

  3. 2020 average broadband download speed 116.88 Mbps

  4. No government-imposed restrictions on connectivity

  5. No obstacles for service providers to operate in Iceland

  6. Registration only a formality

  1. 989 M users

  2. Speeds 2.09 Mbps

  3. Control gateways to global internet

  4. Shut down access to entire communication systems 

LIMITS ON CONTENT

  1. Does not systematically block/filter political, social/ culture content

  2. Unblocked three international websites and been blocked due to corruption and criticism

  3. Blocked pornography, scams and piracy

  4. Remove sensitive issues contents

  5. Blocking and remove request non transparent and lack judicial oversight/ effective avenues for appeal

  6. Cybertroopers 

  1. Political, social and religious websites are not blocked

  2. Some websites are blocked for hosting copyrighted content

  3. Pornograhy in general is illegal in iceland 

  4. No public reports of the government ordering the removal of content 

  1. Great firewall most sophisticated internet censorship apparatus

  2. Leaving chinese users access only highly censored, monitores and manipulated version of the Internet

  3. Censors increasingly target “self media” category that includes writers, bloggers and socmed celebrities

VIOLATION OF USER RIGHTS

  1. Provides “the right to freedom of speech and expression”

  2. Allow for limitations on those rights

  3. Content critical of Islam. The monarchy, the government/ sensitive racial issues lead to arrest and prosecution

  4. Privacy protection are poor

  5. Legal provisions allow police, prosecutor, communications and multimedia minister to intercept online and mobile communications

  6. Social media monitoring continues to be concern

  1. Established legal protections for journalist and protection of anonymous sources and editorial independence

  2. The coverage period saw no notable civil/ criminal cases for online expression

  3. Does not place restrictions on anonymous

  4. Users were not subjected to extralegal intimidation or physical violence

  1. Chinese citizens regularly jailed for online activities

  2. Chinese police Installed surveillance apps on the phone of tourist travelling in Xinjiang to extract data and sensitive material

  3. Monitoring users’ online activities

  4. Extralegal intimidation and violence involving internet users are widespread


CHAPTER 9: ETHICS, ISSUES AND TRENDS OF NEW MEDIA AND DIGITAL CULTURE

  1. New media ethics: distinct ethical problems, practices and norms of digital news media

    1. The code ethics

      1. Truth

      2. Honesty

      3. Fairness

      4. Respect

    2. Tension on two levels

      1. On the first level (between traditional and online)

      2. On the second level (between narrow and global)

    3. What is journalism:

      1. Skeptically: dismisses the question itself as unimportant

      2. Empirically: systematic and careful approach to the question

      3. The normative: approach insists

    4. Types of ethics:

      1. Anonymity

      2.  Speed, rumor and corrections

      3. Impartiality, conflicts of interest and partisan journalism

      4. Entrepreneurial not for profit journalism

      5. Reporters using social media/ social networking sites

      6. Citizen journalists and using citizen content

      7. Ethics of images

  2. New media issues to look for:

    1. Cybersecurity

      1. Ransomware

      2. Data security

      3. Social media privacy

    2. Businesses

      1. Shortage of professionals prepared at the level tech to meet demand

      2. The importance of soft skills in the age of machines

      3. Beyond the digitization of processes, a corporate culture based on innovation

      4. Adaptation of services, products and channels to the demand of the digital customer

    3. Socializing 

      1. Mental health

      2. Virtual vitriol

      3. cyberbullying

    4. Privacy

      1. Geotags

      2. Google’s Street View

      3. Facebook 

  3. New media trends to follow:

    1. Marketing

      1. Social commerce will continue to expand

      2. Reaching new audiences will become a primary goal

      3. Video content will continue to dominate

      4. Social audio will become more popular

      5. Paid advertising will become a necessity

      6.  Influencer marketing will continue to soar

      7. Augmented reality will become more mainstream

      8. Personalization will be paramount

      9. User-generated content will continue to be popular

      10. Instagram and twitter will remain popular

    2. Content trends

      1. Mental health comes first

      2. Entertainment and shitposting

      3. Homemade is better

      4. Audio and podcast

    3. Creativity

      1. It’s all about motion

      2. Irregular is beautiful

      3. Long live the 90’s and the 00’s

  4. New media trend- in a nutshell

    1. Tiktok will become social network par excellence

    2. Homemade content will be key in editorial plans

    3. Traditional platforms will focus most of efforts on content creators than on brands

    4. Increase ads pressure will result cost increase leading to new ads platforms

    5. Creativity will draw from 90’s and 00’s

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